Matrices are an essential mathematical concept that finds applications in various fields, including mathematics, physics, computer science, engineering, and more. A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns. It is often denoted by a capital letter.
The size or dimensions of a matrix are determined by the number of rows and columns it has. For example, a matrix with m rows and n columns is referred to as an m x n matrix. Each entry in a matrix is called an element and is identified by its position in the matrix, using the notation Aij, where i represents the row number and j represents the column number.
Matrices allow us to represent and manipulate data in a structured way. They are particularly useful for solving systems of linear equations, transforming geometric shapes, performing calculations involving vectors, and solving various mathematical problems.
