The immune system is a complex network of cells that collectively work to defend the body against harmful invaders. Key immune cells include:
- White Blood Cells (Leukocytes): These are the frontline soldiers of immunity. Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and destroy pathogens, while lymphocytes, including B cells and T cells, play critical roles in specific immunity.
- B Cells: Responsible for producing antibodies (immunoglobulins), B cells recognize antigens and trigger antibody responses that neutralize pathogens.
- T Cells: They come in two main types, cytotoxic T cells that directly kill infected cells, and helper T cells that coordinate immune responses.
- Natural Killer (NK) Cells: These cells target and destroy infected or cancerous cells.
- Dendritic Cells: Antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells help activate T cells by presenting antigens to them.
- Mast Cells: Release histamines and other molecules during allergic responses and help combat parasitic infections.
- Phagocytes: Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages engulf and digest pathogens.
These immune cells collaborate in a highly orchestrated manner to protect the body from infections, cancer, and other threats while maintaining tolerance to self-tissues.
Notes Credit : Bhumika Puri (B.Tech Biotechnology) 4th Year
